The paper’s central distinction is:
The paper argues that origin-based classification can transform ordinary expressive influence into a security event merely because it changes what a machine says.
Five broad claims structure the work:
1. the doctrinal vehicles for formalization already exist; 2. formalization may occur without a complete jurisprudential cycle; 3. rules about machine meaning are especially dangerous when adversarial meaning-making is itself bypassed; 4. the result may create a one-way license for platforms to shape model outputs while public speakers are treated as attackers; 5. intervention must therefore occur outside conventional precedent alone.
The paper preserves a harm-based safe harbor for:
Its target is not security law as such but the substitution of origin for harm as the classifying variable.